Liquid Cooling and AI Data Center Daily | 2026-06-07
A daily English mirror of liquid cooling, AI data center efficiency, research papers, products, policy, financing, and supply-chain signals.
1. Executive brief
This English edition mirrors the same public-source dataset used by the Chinese daily report for 2026-06-07.
- Collection window: 2026-06-06 08:00 北京时间 - 2026-06-07 08:00 北京时间.
- Coverage snapshot: 0 industry items; 0 technology items; 8 paper or white-paper items; 8 video signals.
- Current hot topics: 电力并网与能源约束, AI 芯片供给与交付, PUE/WUE 与能效优化.
- The heat score is 6/10 and should be read as a source-density signal, not as an investment indicator.
All claims should be verified against the original source links listed at the end of this report.
Academic and Industry Briefs
Papers, videos, industry updates, policy, financing, and projects are compressed into scannable tags with a title, summary, and source link.
Academic
Research papers, methods, research-oriented videos, and academic signals.
A Scalable Digital Twin Framework for Energy Optimization in Data Centers
This study proposes a scalable Digital Twin framework for energy optimization in data centers.The framework integrates IoT-based da…
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A Scalable Digital Twin Framework for Energy Optimization in Data Centers
- Published
- 2026-05-07
- Authors
- Raphael Hendrigo de Souza Gonçalves, Wendel Marcos dos Santos
- Theme
- 能效优化
Abstract
This study proposes a scalable Digital Twin framework for energy optimization in data centers.The framework integrates IoT-based data acquisition, cloud computing, and machine learning techniques to enable real-time monitoring, forecasting, and intelligent energy management. A controlled small-scale data center environment was developed to monitor variables such as power consumption, temperature, and computational workload. Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) models were employed to predict energy demand and support operational decision-making. Experimental results demonstrated improvements in energy efficiency, including reductions in power consumption and enhancements in Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE). Despite being evaluated in a constrained environment, the proposed framework demonstrates strong potential as a scalable and cost-effective solution for sustainable data center management.
Chinese interpretation
背景：AI 数据中心负载、功率密度和能源约束同步上升，PUE/WUE、能效指标和运营成本控制正在成为智算中心设计的关键变量。问题：论文聚焦现有方案在效率、可靠性或工程协同上的瓶颈。方法：摘要显示作者采用建模优化、调度分析或算法评估，把运行负载、冷却/能源系统和基础设施约束放在同一分析框架中。结果：研究重点指向能效评价口径、运营指标和优化目标的系统化梳理。意义：对日报读者而言，它可用于判断不同能效指标是否真实反映节能和成本收益。仍需结合全文实验条件、样本范围和成本假设核验。
Reference
Raphael Hendrigo de Souza Gonçalves, Wendel Marcos dos Santos. A Scalable Digital Twin Framework for Energy Optimization in Data Centers[J/OL]. (2026-05-07)[2026-06-07]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2605.05581v1.
Space-CIM: Enabling Compute-In-Memory Accelerators for Thermally-Constrai…
The rapid growth in compute demand from artificial intelligence (AI) has driven a massive surge in data center construction, precip…
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Space-CIM: Enabling Compute-In-Memory Accelerators for Thermally-Constrained Space Platforms
- Published
- 2026-06-04
- Authors
- Sohan Salahuddin Mugdho, Md. Shahedul Hasan, Cheng Wang
- Theme
- 芯片与算力
Abstract
The rapid growth in compute demand from artificial intelligence (AI) has driven a massive surge in data center construction, precipitating an energy and sustainability crisis. Motivated by the abundant solar energy in outer space and the recent sharp reduction in space launch costs, orbital data centers are emerging as a potential pathway for the future scaling of AI compute infrastructure. While the cold background in vacuum seems appealing for cooling, computing systems operating in space without convection ultimately rely on radiative cooling, requiring large-area radiators. Such limitations in thermal management pose a significant challenge for deploying the standard liquid/air-cooled computers in space. In this work, we investigate the impact of the thermal constraints in space on both graphics processing units (GPUs) with high-bandwidth memory (HBM) and the emerging compute-in-memory (CIM) accelerators. We develop a radiator-in-the-loop co-design methodology that directly links the permitted system TOPS (terra-operations per second) with the practical radiator cooling capacity in space. Our thermal simulations reveal that the separately located GPU die and HBMs create severe thermal hotspots under limited radiator capacity, necessitating GPU thermal throttling. In contrast, CIM accelerators exhibit a much more uniform heat distribution and consistently outperform GPUs in TOPS/W across a wide range of radiator budgets. We systematically evaluated the performance of CIM and GPU across various AI workloads and demonstrated that CIM has a magnified advantage for deployment in space under realistic thermal constraints.
Chinese interpretation
背景：AI 数据中心负载、功率密度和能源约束同步上升，芯片、服务器和高密度算力部署正在成为智算中心设计的关键变量。问题：论文聚焦现有方案在效率、可靠性或工程协同上的瓶颈。方法：摘要显示作者采用综述归纳和指标比较，把运行负载、冷却/能源系统和基础设施约束放在同一分析框架中。结果：研究重点指向跨地域数据中心负载与电力资源之间的调度关系。意义：对日报读者而言，它可用于判断芯片路线和服务器密度变化如何传导到机房设计。仍需结合全文实验条件、样本范围和成本假设核验。
Reference
Sohan Salahuddin Mugdho, Md. Shahedul Hasan, Cheng Wang. Space-CIM: Enabling Compute-In-Memory Accelerators for Thermally-Constrained Space Platforms[J/OL]. (2026-06-04)[2026-06-07]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2606.05741v1.
Peer-to-Peer Cloud Service Market for Data Centers Oriented to Computatio…
Energy-intensive data centers (DCs) have emerged as substantial and flexible loads in modern power systems, underscoring the critic…
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Peer-to-Peer Cloud Service Market for Data Centers Oriented to Computation-Electricity Coordination
- Published
- 2026-06-03
- Authors
- Yugui Liu, Yibo Ding, Xudong Li, Jing Qu, Wenyi Zhang, Tong Qian, Wuyou Xiao, Zhengyang Hu
- Theme
- 算电协同
Abstract
Energy-intensive data centers (DCs) have emerged as substantial and flexible loads in modern power systems, underscoring the critical need for computation-electricity coordination. Harnessing the spatio-temporal flexibility of DC workloads is a promising approach to facilitate this coordination. However, existing studies overlook the collaborative potential of computational resource sharing among geo-distributed DCs, thereby failing to fully unlock this flexibility. In this paper, a bi-level computation-electricity coordination framework is proposed to explicitly capture the bidirectional interactions between DCs and power grid. Firstly, a peer-to-peer cloud service market (P2P-CSM) for geo-distributed DCs is proposed, which enables bilateral cloud service transactions to leverage regional heterogeneities (e.g., electricity prices, cooling efficiency). Secondly, locational marginal prices are embedded into the framework to reflect network congestion and nodal price disparities. Thirdly, a dual consensus alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM)-based decentralized algorithm is developed as the P2P market clearing algorithm, and a bisection-assisted iterative algorithm is proposed to ensure rigorous convergence of the framework. Case studies conducted on modified IEEE 30-bus system validate that the P2P-CSM achieves a win-win computation-electricity coordination: it not only increases total DC operational profit by 22.8\%, but also effectively alleviates grid congestion and yields a 3.2\% reduction in total energy consumption.
Chinese interpretation
背景：AI 数据中心负载、功率密度和能源约束同步上升，算力负载与电网侧资源的协同调度正在成为智算中心设计的关键变量。问题：论文聚焦现有方案在效率、可靠性或工程协同上的瓶颈。方法：摘要显示作者采用框架构建和频域/系统级分析，把运行负载、冷却/能源系统和基础设施约束放在同一分析框架中。结果：研究重点指向AI 负载波动对电网设备寿命和调频边界的影响。意义：对日报读者而言，它可用于判断智算中心建设是否受电网容量、负载波动和调度机制约束。仍需结合全文实验条件、样本范围和成本假设核验。
Reference
Yugui Liu, Yibo Ding, Xudong Li, 等. Peer-to-Peer Cloud Service Market for Data Centers Oriented to Computation-Electricity Coordination[J/OL]. (2026-06-03)[2026-06-07]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2606.04981v1.
Maximizing Compute Capacity in AI Data Centers through Cooling, Energy St…
The deployment of artificial intelligence is increasingly constrained by limited site-level power capacity, which must support both…
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Maximizing Compute Capacity in AI Data Centers through Cooling, Energy Storage, and Computing Adaptation
- Published
- 2026-05-30
- Authors
- Shaolei Ren, Mohammad A. Islam, Adam Wierman
- Theme
- 热管理与液冷
Abstract
The deployment of artificial intelligence is increasingly constrained by limited site-level power capacity, which must support both compute systems and non-compute systems (primarily cooling) at all times. Cooling power demand, especially in non-evaporative cooling systems, can increase substantially with ambient temperature in the summer, producing recurring periods of elevated cooling power that often lasts for multiple hours per day. Therefore, maximizing compute capacity under a limited site-level power budget is an important planning and operational challenge. Sizing the compute system conservatively based on peak cooling power can leave part of the site-level power capacity underutilized when the cooling power is below its peak, particularly in cooler months. On the other hand, sizing the compute system aggressively based on low cooling power can cause the total site-level power demand to exceed the site-level power capacity during hot days in the summer. This paper proposes ComputeAmp (Compute Amplifier), a framework that maximizes the compute capacity by jointly and dynamically leveraging cooling, battery energy storage, and computing-based adaptation. We discuss the opportunities and limitations of ComputeAmp and illustrate its potential to significantly expand usable compute capacity within local power and water resource limits. We also present a problem formulation for ComputeAmp and highlight a few algorithmic and operational challenges.
Chinese interpretation
背景：AI 数据中心负载、功率密度和能源约束同步上升，液冷、热管理和数据中心能效正在成为智算中心设计的关键变量。问题：论文聚焦现有方案在效率、可靠性或工程协同上的瓶颈。方法：摘要显示作者采用框架构建和频域/系统级分析，把运行负载、冷却/能源系统和基础设施约束放在同一分析框架中。结果：研究重点指向冷却效率、能源利用或运维策略的改进方向。意义：对日报读者而言，它可用于判断液冷方案、热管理路线和高密度部署节奏。仍需结合全文实验条件、样本范围和成本假设核验。
Reference
Shaolei Ren, Mohammad A. Islam, Adam Wierman. Maximizing Compute Capacity in AI Data Centers through Cooling, Energy Storage, and Computing Adaptation[J/OL]. (2026-05-30)[2026-06-07]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2606.00457v1.
Grid Capacity Expansion under Data Centers and Electrified Manufacturing …
In this paper, we consider the expansion of power grids under emerging large loads from data centers and electrified manufacturing.…
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Grid Capacity Expansion under Data Centers and Electrified Manufacturing Large Loads
- Published
- 2026-05-28
- Authors
- Jiyong Lee, Melody Agustin, Joanne Langsdorf, Erhan Kutanoglu, Michael Baldea, Ilias Mitrai
- Theme
- 算电协同
Abstract
In this paper, we consider the expansion of power grids under emerging large loads from data centers and electrified manufacturing. We develop a multi-period grid capacity expansion model to determine optimal investment profiles for power generation, storage, and transmission capacity while accounting for hourly power dispatch, such that electricity demand is satisfied and the total planning and operation cost is minimized. We also propose a new modeling approach regarding the spatial distribution of demand from large loads. The model is used to analyze the expansion of a synthetic grid that follows key characteristics of the ERCOT system over a seven-year planning horizon, under loads from data centers and electrified oil refining, which account for 17.5% and 4.7% of total annual electricity demand by the end of the planning horizon. The optimal investment policy leads to an 83.6% increase in generation capacity and exploits the short construction times of solar and storage as well as the operational flexibility of thermal generators. Finally, sensitivity analysis reveals that the construction time of grid assets substantially impacts investment timing, generation technology mix, and transmission capacity expansion. The proposed modeling framework is general and can be extended to other grid systems, enabling the exploration of diverse demand scenarios, policy assumptions, and regional characteristics.
Chinese interpretation
背景：AI 数据中心负载、功率密度和能源约束同步上升，算力负载与电网侧资源的协同调度正在成为智算中心设计的关键变量。问题：论文聚焦现有方案在效率、可靠性或工程协同上的瓶颈。方法：摘要显示作者采用框架构建和频域/系统级分析，把运行负载、冷却/能源系统和基础设施约束放在同一分析框架中。结果：研究重点指向AI 负载波动对电网设备寿命和调频边界的影响。意义：对日报读者而言，它可用于判断智算中心建设是否受电网容量、负载波动和调度机制约束。仍需结合全文实验条件、样本范围和成本假设核验。
Reference
Jiyong Lee, Melody Agustin, Joanne Langsdorf, 等. Grid Capacity Expansion under Data Centers and Electrified Manufacturing Large Loads[J/OL]. (2026-05-28)[2026-06-07]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2605.29053v2.
GridPilot: Real-Time Grid-Responsive Control for AI Supercomputers
At global scale, data-center electricity demand is growing faster than the grids that supply it, while system operators increasingl…
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GridPilot: Real-Time Grid-Responsive Control for AI Supercomputers
- Published
- 2026-05-26
- Authors
- Denisa-Andreea Constantinescu, David Atienza
- Theme
- 算电协同
Abstract
At global scale, data-center electricity demand is growing faster than the grids that supply it, while system operators increasingly require large flexible loads that can adjust power within seconds to absorb variable wind and solar generation. For multi-megawatt AI/HPC facilities, the key unresolved question is practical and measurable: how quickly can the software stack translate a grid request into a real change in GPU power at the facility meter, where commitments are settled? We answer this on real hardware with GridPilot, a three-tier predictive controller operating across milliseconds, seconds, and hours, augmented by a deterministic safety-island bypass for fast response. On a three-GPU NVIDIA V100 testbed, GridPilot achieves a measured end-to-end trigger-to-target response of 97.2 ms, which is 6.9x faster than the 700 ms requirement of Nordic Fast Frequency Reserve. We further incorporate an instantaneous Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) correction so dispatched commitments remain robust at meter level rather than only at IT load level. In replay experiments across six representative European grids (from Sweden to Poland), the PUE-aware controller closes 2.5-5.8 percentage points of cooling-overhead drag. GridPilot is released as open source and serves as a proof of concept that MW-scale AI/HPC demand can be engineered as controllable, grid-responsive flexibility by design.
Chinese interpretation
背景：AI 数据中心负载、功率密度和能源约束同步上升，算力负载与电网侧资源的协同调度正在成为智算中心设计的关键变量。问题：论文聚焦现有方案在效率、可靠性或工程协同上的瓶颈。方法：摘要显示作者采用实验验证、原型测试或测量对比，把运行负载、冷却/能源系统和基础设施约束放在同一分析框架中。结果：研究重点指向AI 负载波动对电网设备寿命和调频边界的影响。意义：对日报读者而言，它可用于判断智算中心建设是否受电网容量、负载波动和调度机制约束。仍需结合全文实验条件、样本范围和成本假设核验。
Reference
Denisa-Andreea Constantinescu, David Atienza. GridPilot: Real-Time Grid-Responsive Control for AI Supercomputers[J/OL]. (2026-05-26)[2026-06-07]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2605.26384v1.
Energy-Aware Computing in the Year 2026
High-Performance Computing (HPC) has recently entered the Exascale era, and considerable efforts are being made to fully harness th…
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Energy-Aware Computing in the Year 2026
- Published
- 2026-05-23
- Authors
- Roblex Nana Tchakoute, Claude Tadonki
- Theme
- AI 运维优化
Abstract
High-Performance Computing (HPC) has recently entered the Exascale era, and considerable efforts are being made to fully harness this potential power for large-scale applications, such as cutting-edge generative AI (training and exploitation). The corresponding energy consumption is very high, and forecasts are alarming, making this metric a critical systemic bottleneck. Addressing this issue presents a genuine challenge for the entire cloud-edge-HPC continuum at all scales, from low-power IoT microcontrollers to multi-megawatt data centers. Beyond financial costs, green computing is driven by considerations related to climate change and environmental concerns such as carbon footprint ($CO_2e$), as well as constraints on energy production and supply, leading to a real need to regulate {\em information and communication technology} (ICT) activities. This article presents a comprehensive overview of energy-efficient computing, taking into account the most recent and significant contributions. Based on this exploration of the state of the art, we design and describe a holistic taxonomy of the aforementioned publications, structured around various perspectives, including {\em hardware and software aspects, measurement instrumentation, software optimizations, dynamic task scheduling, voltage scaling, workload consolidation, federated learning}, and {\em cooling}. Particular emphasis is placed on large-scale AI, which receives significant attention due to its considerable resource requirements. We conclude with an analysis of a forward-looking roadmap that considers the main perspectives of sustainable computing.
Chinese interpretation
背景：AI 数据中心负载、功率密度和能源约束同步上升，AI 运维、负载预测和设施调优正在成为智算中心设计的关键变量。问题：论文聚焦现有方案在效率、可靠性或工程协同上的瓶颈。方法：摘要显示作者采用建模优化、调度分析或算法评估，把运行负载、冷却/能源系统和基础设施约束放在同一分析框架中。结果：研究重点指向能效评价口径、运营指标和优化目标的系统化梳理。意义：对日报读者而言，它可用于判断AI 工具是否能降低运维复杂度并提升可用性。仍需结合全文实验条件、样本范围和成本假设核验。
Reference
Roblex Nana Tchakoute, Claude Tadonki. Energy-Aware Computing in the Year 2026[J/OL]. (2026-05-23)[2026-06-07]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2605.24569v1.
ScaleAcross Explorer: Exploring Communication Optimization for Scale-Acro…
The rapid scaling of large language model training requires distributing GPU resources across multiple data center buildings and re…
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ScaleAcross Explorer: Exploring Communication Optimization for Scale-Across AI Model Training
- Published
- 2026-05-23
- Authors
- Minghao Li, Alicia Golden, Samuel Hsia, Michael Kuchnik, Adi Gangidi, Xu Zhang, Ashmitha Jeevaraj Shetty, Zachary DeVito
- Theme
- 芯片与算力
Abstract
The rapid scaling of large language model training requires distributing GPU resources across multiple data center buildings and regions. We refer to such paradigm as "scale-across" training. As infrastructure expands, the system design space becomes increasingly intricate, encompassing new model architectures, hardware heterogeneity, and evolving communication patterns. Drawing from Meta's production experience, we highlight the complexities of deploying training jobs across a few data centers housing hundreds of thousands of GPUs. To accelerate exploration of the large design space and to enable efficient training for frontier model development, we conduct in-depth characterization of three key design dimensions: parallelism placement, parallelism scheduling, and network layer technologies. We then propose ScaleAcross Explorer, an optimizer that considers the interplay of design dimensions and holistically optimizes scale-across training. Testbed experiments and simulations demonstrate up to 64.62% training speedups over production configuration and up to 37.59% training speedups over the state-of-the-art baseline across a wide range of design points.
Chinese interpretation
背景：AI 数据中心负载、功率密度和能源约束同步上升，芯片、服务器和高密度算力部署正在成为智算中心设计的关键变量。问题：论文聚焦现有方案在效率、可靠性或工程协同上的瓶颈。方法：摘要显示作者采用建模优化、调度分析或算法评估，把运行负载、冷却/能源系统和基础设施约束放在同一分析框架中。结果：研究重点指向跨地域数据中心负载与电力资源之间的调度关系。意义：对日报读者而言，它可用于判断芯片路线和服务器密度变化如何传导到机房设计。仍需结合全文实验条件、样本范围和成本假设核验。
Reference
Minghao Li, Alicia Golden, Samuel Hsia, 等. ScaleAcross Explorer: Exploring Communication Optimization for Scale-Across AI Model Training[J/OL]. (2026-05-23)[2026-06-07]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2605.24326v1.
Why AI Data Centers Have a Power Problem
TheStartupBasement · Query: AI datacenter power grid university lecture。Useful as technical or research context.
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Beyond the Grid: How Google’s Data Centers Power AI and Communities
Custom Content from WSJ · Query: AI data center energy conference keynote。Useful as technical or research context.
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How #Bitcoin Mining and AI/HPC #DataCenters Are Transforming Energy Marke…
CleanSpark · Query: ACM SIGEnergy data center energy talk。Useful as technical or research context.
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Smartphone Powered Data Centers: Shifting Toward Energy Efficiency
IEEE Computer Society Silicon Valley · Query: IEEE data center energy efficiency lecture。Useful as technical or research context.
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电力并网与能源约束
Same-source item from the Chinese report. Verify details against the original linked source: 电力并网与能源约束
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AI 芯片供给与交付
Same-source item from the Chinese report. Verify details against the original linked source: AI 芯片供给与交付
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PUE/WUE 与能效优化
Same-source item from the Chinese report. Verify details against the original linked source: PUE/WUE 与能效优化
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Industry
Industry news, products, policy, financing, projects, and market-oriented videos.
OCP Data Center Engineering Workshop - 3/10/15
Open Compute Project · Query: OCP data center cooling workshop。Useful for product, market, or deployment context.
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How poor thermal management destroys your AI infrastructure — and your bu…
Deepspace007 · Query: OCP data center cooling workshop。Useful for product, market, or deployment context.
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[WEBINAR] ASHRAE's 5th Edition of Thermal Guidelines: What's New and How …
Upsite Technologies · Query: ASHRAE data center cooling webinar。Useful for product, market, or deployment context.
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Andrew Qu and Keith Newman at AIS5 on CPO Networking, Liquid Cooling & AI…
IgniteGTM · Query: OCP data center cooling workshop。Useful for product, market, or deployment context.
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产业热度指数 6/10
Same-source item from the Chinese report. Verify details against the original linked source: 产业热度指数 6/10
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NVIDIA Blackwell/GB200/GB300
Same-source item from the Chinese report. Verify details against the original linked source: NVIDIA Blackwell/GB200/GB300
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AI 芯片供给与交付
Same-source item from the Chinese report. Verify details against the original linked source: AI 芯片供给与交付
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智算中心 CapEx/扩建
Same-source item from the Chinese report. Verify details against the original linked source: 智算中心 CapEx/扩建
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4. Video signals
Why AI Data Centers Have a Power Problem
专家讲座 · TheStartupBasement · Query: AI datacenter power grid university lecture
Open on YouTubeOCP Data Center Engineering Workshop - 3/10/15
行业论坛 · Open Compute Project · Query: OCP data center cooling workshop
Open on YouTubeBeyond the Grid: How Google’s Data Centers Power AI and Communities
学术会议报告 · Custom Content from WSJ · Query: AI data center energy conference keynote
Open on YouTubeHow #Bitcoin Mining and AI/HPC #DataCenters Are Transforming Energy Markets
学术讲座 · CleanSpark · Query: ACM SIGEnergy data center energy talk
Open on YouTubeHow poor thermal management destroys your AI infrastructure — and your budget.
行业论坛 · Deepspace007 · Query: OCP data center cooling workshop
Open on YouTubeSmartphone Powered Data Centers: Shifting Toward Energy Efficiency
学术讲座 · IEEE Computer Society Silicon Valley · Query: IEEE data center energy efficiency lecture
Open on YouTube[WEBINAR] ASHRAE's 5th Edition of Thermal Guidelines: What's New and How It Can Impact Your Facility
标准组织讲座 · Upsite Technologies · Query: ASHRAE data center cooling webinar
Open on YouTubeAndrew Qu and Keith Newman at AIS5 on CPO Networking, Liquid Cooling & AI Switching Infrastructure
行业论坛 · IgniteGTM · Query: OCP data center cooling workshop
Open on YouTubeSources
Collection notes
- 公开 RSS/Atom：Data Center Dynamics：检索失败，原因：fetch failed
- 公开 RSS/Atom：The Register：检索失败，原因：fetch failed
- 公开 RSS/Atom：ServeTheHome：检索失败，原因：fetch failed
- 公开 RSS/Atom：Data Center Knowledge：检索失败，原因：fetch failed
- 公开 RSS/Atom：HPCwire：检索失败，原因：fetch failed
- 公开 RSS/Atom：NVIDIA Blog：检索失败，原因：fetch failed
- arXiv API：fetch failed，已回退到 arXiv 搜索页抓取。
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