A catalog of Chinese national, industry and association standards, alongside international and overseas references, for AI data centers, liquid cooling and energy infrastructure. Start with the problem, then check editions, status and original clauses.
Design & constructionCooling & thermal managementPower supply & distribution
Applies to the design of new, renovated and expanded data centers. It provides a national-standard reference for reviewing site selection, buildings and supporting infrastructure.
Reading note
The current published document is the Code for Design of Data Centers; the 2026 consultation draft titled Standard for Design of Data Centers must be identified separately.
Published
2017-05-04
Effective
2018-01-01
Requirement status
Requirement status to be confirmed
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official record · Current status, dates and scope are verified against the National Library of Standards record and corroborated by ministry documents. The relationship between individual mandatory provisions and general codes has not been checked clause by clause, so mandatory applicability remains unverified; obtain the full text through official or licensed channels. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The record explicitly marks the standard as current and confirms its designation, title, issue date of 2017-05-04, effective date of 2018-01-01, and applicability to new, renovated and expanded data centers.
The framework attached to the notice lists the Code for Design of Data Centers as current; the specific edition and dates are cross-checked against the National Library of Standards record.
State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China
Energy efficiency & carbonTesting & measurementOperations & acceptance
Specifies energy efficiency grades and testing and calculation requirements for data centers. The 2021 edition covers individual buildings or modular units using air cooling and electrically driven air conditioning; liquid-cooled projects must check applicability.
Reading note
Confirm the cooling method and measurement boundary before applying the grades; a revision project does not establish that a new edition is in force.
Published
2021-10-11
Effective
2022-11-01
Requirement status
Mandatory standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official open full text · The National Standards Full-text Disclosure System lists online preview and download options; follow the conditions on the official page. This site does not mirror the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The official revision-project description confirms that the current 2021 edition is limited to air cooling and electrically driven air conditioning and excludes cooling in which liquid replaces air as the medium; this page describes a revision project, not a newly published standard.
Operations & acceptanceCooling & thermal managementPower supply & distribution
Applies to data centers already in operation and provides a basis for systematic management of infrastructure operation and maintenance. It can support operating procedures and reviews of infrastructure support requirements.
Reading note
Translate infrastructure operation and maintenance requirements into procedures and records linked to project design and acceptance documents.
Published
2018-09-11
Effective
2019-03-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official record · Because the ministry's original publication page is intermittently accessible, status and dates are verified against the National Library of Standards record of the China National Institute of Standardization; the ministry's standards framework provides corroboration. Obtain the full text through official publication, on-site library access or licensed channels. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The record explicitly marks the standard as current and confirms its designation, title, issue date of 2018-09-11, effective date of 2019-03-01, and applicability to operating data centers.
The framework attached to the notice lists the Standard for Operation and Maintenance of Data Center Infrastructure as current; the specific edition and dates are cross-checked against the National Library of Standards record.
State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China
Energy efficiency & carbonWater resourcesOperations & acceptanceTesting & measurement
Supports evaluation of data center environmental performance and improvements in construction and operation, covering energy and resource use and green management. It provides a reference for preparing self-assessment, external assessment and diagnostic evaluation materials.
Reading note
A green assessment requires comprehensive evidence of energy and resource use and operational management, beyond a single energy efficiency value.
Published
2024-11-28
Effective
2025-06-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official open full text · The National Standards Full-text Disclosure System lists online preview and download options; follow the conditions on the official page. This site does not mirror the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The official article states that GB/T 44989 took effect on 2025-06-01 and provides a basis for green data center construction, operation, maintenance and improvement.
Former General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine; Standardization Administration of China
Energy efficiency & carbonTesting & measurementOperations & acceptance
Sets energy efficiency requirements and measurement methods for electricity use in data centers. It provides a methodological reference for energy metering, operational efficiency analysis and comparisons before and after retrofits.
Reading note
Use consistent measurement boundaries, reporting periods and operating load conditions when comparing energy efficiency.
Published
2016-08-29
Effective
2017-03-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official open full text · The National Standards Full-text Disclosure System lists online preview and download options; follow the conditions on the official page. This site does not mirror the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The record for the published Chinese edition confirms current status, an issue date of 2016-08-29 and an effective date of 2017-03-01; the 2024 publication date of a foreign-language edition must not be treated as a revision year for the Chinese edition.
State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China
Water resourcesTesting & measurementOperations & acceptance
Addresses calculation and evaluation of water resource use efficiency in data centers. It supports water-use analysis and consistent metrics when comparing design, construction, operation, maintenance and water-saving retrofit options.
Reading note
When reporting WUE, state the water-use boundary, the IT equipment energy denominator and the reporting period.
Published
2025-05-30
Effective
2025-12-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official open full text · The National Standards Full-text Disclosure System lists online preview and download options; follow the conditions on the official page. This site does not mirror the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The official record confirms the title as water resource use efficiency, current status, an issue date of 2025-05-30 and an effective date of 2025-12-01.
The published-standard record classifies the document as a method standard under the National Information Technology Standardization Technical Committee.
State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China
Energy efficiency & carbonTesting & measurementOperations & acceptance
Establishes evaluation grades for integrated energy utilization in data centers and specifies indicators, management requirements and evaluation methods. It applies to key performance indicator assessment, energy conservation monitoring and grading of integrated energy utilization.
Reading note
Assess integrated energy utilization using the full set of indicators and management evidence, and check retrofit performance with a consistent evaluation method.
Published
2025-06-30
Effective
2026-01-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official open full text · The National Standards Full-text Disclosure System lists online preview and download options; follow the conditions on the official page. This site does not mirror the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The official course description outlines the evaluation grades, indicators, management requirements for integrated energy utilization and scope of application.
A national technical specification for cold-plate liquid cooling systems in data centers, providing a reference for liquid cooling design and system integration. It has been issued and will take effect on 2027-02-01.
Reading note
It may inform technical preparation, but must be identified as issued and not yet in force before 2027-02-01.
Published
2026-07-30
Effective
2027-02-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official open full text · The National Standards Full-text Disclosure System lists online preview and download options; follow the conditions on the official page. This site does not mirror the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The official record explicitly marks the standard as not yet in force, with an issue date of 2026-07-30 and an effective date of 2027-02-01; it must not be described as already effective.
State Administration for Market Regulation; Standardization Administration of China
Cooling & thermal managementDesign & construction
A general national specification for cold-plate liquid-cooled cabinets in data centers, supporting technical preparation for equipment selection and cabinet integration. It takes effect on 2027-03-01 and is not yet in force.
Reading note
Cabinet development may refer to the published text in advance, while procurement and compliance documents must state that it is not yet in force.
Published
2026-08-28
Effective
2027-03-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official open full text · The National Standards Full-text Disclosure System lists online preview and download options; follow the conditions on the official page. This site does not mirror the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The official record explicitly marks the standard as not yet in force, confirms an issue date of 2026-08-28 and an effective date of 2027-03-01, and classifies it as a recommended national standard.
Specifies general technical requirements and test methods for liquid-cooled server systems in data centers. It guides liquid cooling system design, construction, deployment, operation and maintenance.
Reading note
Use the general standard to establish system boundaries before applying specific standards for cold-plate cooling, immersion cooling and coolants.
Published
2022-04-24
Effective
2022-07-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official record · The official platform provides bibliographic and status information; full-text access and use are subject to the official page's conditions. This site does not store the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The official record explicitly identifies a recommended standard that is current, issued on 2022-04-24 and effective from 2022-07-01, covering design, construction, deployment, operation and maintenance.
Specifies technical requirements and test methods for immersion liquid-cooled server systems in data centers. It supports technical reviews during system design, construction, deployment, operation and maintenance.
Reading note
Apply requirements and tests specific to immersion cooling rather than directly transferring cold-plate system provisions.
Published
2021-12-02
Effective
2022-04-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official record · The official platform provides bibliographic and status information; full-text access and use are subject to the official page's conditions. This site does not store the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The official record explicitly identifies a recommended standard that is current and confirms its issue date of 2021-12-02, effective date of 2022-04-01 and scope.
Specifies technical requirements and test methods for cold-plate liquid-cooled server systems in data centers. It covers design, construction, deployment, operation, maintenance and testing for engineering applications.
Reading note
Distinguish the server-system, whole-rack and data-center levels of application and check requirements at each level.
Published
2021-12-02
Effective
2022-04-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official record · The official platform provides bibliographic and status information; full-text access and use are subject to the official page's conditions. This site does not store the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The official record explicitly identifies a recommended standard that is current and confirms its issue date of 2021-12-02, effective date of 2022-04-01 and applicability to cold-plate liquid-cooled server systems.
Specifies technical requirements and test methods for cooling liquids used in data center liquid cooling systems. It supports technical checks throughout coolant selection, use, maintenance and testing.
Reading note
Apply dedicated coolant requirements during selection and maintenance, and check them against system and material conditions.
Published
2021-12-02
Effective
2022-04-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official record · The official platform provides bibliographic and status information; full-text access and use are subject to the official page's conditions. This site does not store the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The official record explicitly identifies a recommended standard that is current, issued on 2021-12-02 and effective from 2022-04-01, with a scope covering liquid selection, use, maintenance and testing.
Specifies technical requirements and test methods for energy use efficiency in liquid-cooled server systems. It supports verification of liquid cooling efficiency during system design, construction, deployment and testing.
Reading note
Define the liquid-cooled server-system boundary and test conditions before relating results to facility-level energy efficiency metrics.
Published
2021-12-02
Effective
2022-04-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official record · The official platform provides bibliographic and status information; full-text access and use are subject to the official page's conditions. This site does not store the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The official record explicitly identifies a recommended standard that is current, issued on 2021-12-02 and effective from 2022-04-01, covering liquid cooling system design, construction, deployment and testing.
Specifies technical requirements and test methods for cold-plate liquid-cooled whole-rack servers in data centers. It applies to design, production and testing and can inform equipment selection and verification plans.
Reading note
Test whole-rack servers against the standard for that equipment level and align the results with data-center-side interface requirements.
Published
2024-10-24
Effective
2025-02-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official record · The official platform provides bibliographic and status information; full-text access and use are subject to the official page's conditions. This site does not store the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The official record explicitly identifies a recommended standard that is current, issued on 2024-10-24 and effective from 2025-02-01, applying to design, production and testing.
Specifies technical requirements for cold-plate liquid-cooled data centers and telecommunications equipment buildings. It covers data-center-level design, construction, deployment, use, operation, maintenance, testing and evaluation.
Reading note
When moving from a server system to an entire facility, use data-center-level standards to check engineering conditions.
Published
2025-04-10
Effective
2025-08-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official record · The official platform provides bibliographic and status information; full-text access and use are subject to the official page's conditions. This site does not store the full standard. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The official record explicitly identifies a recommended standard that is current, issued on 2025-04-10 and effective from 2025-08-01, applying to data centers and telecommunications equipment buildings.
Describes equipment, acceptance and operation and maintenance test methods for cold-plate liquid-cooled data centers. The effective date stated in the official announcement is 2026-11-01, which has now been reached.
Reading note
Organize equipment, acceptance and operation and maintenance test evidence separately, with clear test purposes and system boundaries.
The effective date of 2026-11-01 has arrived, but the official record still displays not yet in force; status remains unconfirmed pending a platform update and recheck.
Published
2026-07-15
Effective
2026-11-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official record · The official record is public. Its cached status remains not yet in force although the stated effective date of 2026-11-01 has arrived; status awaits verification after the platform updates. Full text has not been downloaded or mirrored. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The record identifies a recommended standard issued on 2026-07-15 and effective from 2026-11-01, covering equipment, acceptance and operation and maintenance testing; its cached page still says not yet in force, while the stated effective date has been reached at the 2026-11-01 review cutoff.
Applies to planning new, renovated and expanded cold-plate liquid-cooled computing centers, including supercomputing and AI computing centers, and covers classification, buildings, cooling, electrical systems, intelligent systems, and water supply and drainage. It excludes phase-change cold-plate liquid cooling systems.
Reading note
Coordinate building, cooling, electrical, water supply and drainage design during planning, and first establish whether the system uses phase-change cold-plate cooling.
The effective date of 2026-11-01 has arrived, but the official record still displays not yet in force; status remains unconfirmed pending a platform update and recheck.
Published
2026-07-15
Effective
2026-11-01
Requirement status
Recommended standard
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official record · The official record is public. Its cached status remains not yet in force although the stated effective date of 2026-11-01 has arrived; status awaits verification after the platform updates. Phase-change cold-plate liquid cooling systems are excluded, and full text has not been downloaded or mirrored. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The record identifies a recommended standard issued on 2026-07-15 and effective from 2026-11-01, covering new, renovated and expanded computing centers, including AI and supercomputing facilities, while excluding phase-change cold-plate systems; its cached status remains not yet in force although the effective date has arrived.
Specifies system requirements and engineering acceptance provisions for pumped two-phase cold-plate liquid cooling in data centers. It supports design, equipment selection and delivery reviews for two-phase systems.
Reading note
Use it to check system requirements and acceptance boundaries for two-phase cold-plate projects.
Published
2025-07-31
Effective
2025-09-01
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Technical specification for pumped two phase direct liquid cooling system to chips of data center
Official record · The platform provides an official record and states that the full text is neither public nor available for sale. The formal issue date is 2025-07-31; 2025-11-04 is the platform posting date.
The platform marks the standard as current, formally issued on 2025-07-31 and effective from 2025-09-01; it was posted on the platform on 2025-11-04, and its technical content covers system requirements and acceptance.
Applies to new, renovated and expanded data centers using single-phase cold-plate or single-phase immersion liquid cooling. It covers structural, cooling, electrical, monitoring, water supply and drainage, fire protection and waste heat recovery design.
Reading note
Check design interfaces across the building and mechanical and electrical systems when planning single-phase liquid-cooled data centers.
Published
2026-04-13
Effective
2026-05-16
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official record · Provides the official record and a link to the publication announcement. The formal issue date is 2026-04-13, which must be distinguished from the platform posting date of 2026-04-22. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The platform marks the standard as current, formally issued on 2026-04-13 and effective from 2026-05-16; it was posted on the platform on 2026-04-22, and covers single-phase cold-plate and single-phase immersion cooling.
Applies to cooling system design for new, renovated and expanded AI data centers and to other data centers hosting computing services. It covers terminal equipment, cooling sources, monitoring, supporting facilities, heat recovery and energy efficiency evaluation.
Reading note
Evaluate terminal equipment, cooling sources, energy use and water use together when reviewing AI data center cooling options.
Published
2025-01-15
Effective
2025-01-17
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Cooling design requirements for artificial intelligence data center
Official open full text · The National Platform for Association Standards Information provides a link to read the published PDF on the source website. This site does not copy or mirror the full text.
The published text's cover gives an issue date of 2025-01-15 and an effective date of 2025-01-17; its scope and contents cover terminal equipment, cooling sources, monitoring, heat recovery and energy efficiency evaluation.
Addresses installation, commissioning, routine maintenance and emergency response for indirect cold-plate liquid cooling systems. It primarily covers server loops using deionized water and external loops using softened water; systems using other cooling fluids may refer to it.
Reading note
Identify the fluids in the internal and external loops and their management boundaries before developing operation and maintenance procedures.
Published
2025-09-09
Effective
2025-10-01
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
This English title is an editorial reference translation, not an official English edition. Verify the official title and text before use.
Official record · Provides the official record. The platform posting date is 2026-01-08, while the standard's formal issue date is 2025-09-09. The English title is translated for reference and does not imply an official English edition.
The platform marks the standard as current, issued on 2025-09-09 and effective from 2025-10-01; it was posted on the platform on 2026-01-08, and its scope describes operation, maintenance, commissioning, emergency response and fluid conditions.
Specifies design, structural, thermal performance and environmental adaptability requirements and test methods for single-phase liquid cooling cold plates used in servers and storage equipment. It supports cold-plate manufacturing, testing and evaluation, procurement and maintenance.
Reading note
Include structural requirements, thermal performance and corresponding verification methods together in cold-plate procurement specifications.
Published
2023-02-28
Effective
2023-03-15
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Technical specification for the liquid cooling devices in a server and storage equipment – Part 1: Cold plate
Official open full text · The issuing association's Open Computing Technology Committee provides the PDF on its official website. Use is subject to the issuing body's copyright terms; this site only links to the original.
The specific record marks the standard as current, issued on 2023-02-28 and effective from 2023-03-15, and describes its applicability to design, manufacturing, testing and evaluation of single-phase liquid cooling cold plates.
The association committee publicly provides the published PDF on its own website; the cover dates match the National Library of Standards record, and the contents list design, structural, thermal performance and environmental adaptability tests.
Covers coolant distribution units for servers and storage equipment, including structure, maintenance, safety, interfaces, heat transfer and operating performance, reliability, testing and assessment. It supports design, manufacturing, procurement, evaluation, operation and maintenance.
Reading note
Check rated conditions, heat transfer performance, interfaces and reliability verification together when selecting a CDU.
Published
2023-10-31
Effective
2023-10-31
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Technical specification for the liquid cooled components in server and storage equipment - Part 3: coolant distribution unit
Official open full text · The association committee's official website publicly provides the published PDF. The date of 2023-10-31 agrees between the published text and the National Library of Standards record; the date 20231030 in an earlier announcement attachment is not used.
The specific record marks the standard as current, with both issue and effective dates of 2023-10-31; it applies to design, manufacturing and evaluation, with reference use for procurement, operation and maintenance.
The published PDF cover gives both issue and effective dates as 2023-10-31; its scope covers CDU structure, safety, functions, performance, reliability, testing and quality assessment.
Sets general system requirements and verification methods for liquid-cooled data center servers and their supporting operating conditions. It guides liquid cooling system design, construction, deployment, operation and maintenance.
Reading note
System-level liquid cooling assessments should cover both servers and their supporting operating conditions.
Published
2019-12-23
Effective
2019-12-23
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
General technical requirements and test methods for liquid cooling server system of data center
Full text requires authorized access · The National Library of Standards provides an official record and a link to licensed purchase; the paid full text has not been obtained or mirrored. Related YD/T industry standards do not automatically supersede this association standard.
The indexed content of the specific official record marks the standard as current, with both issue and effective dates of 2019-12-23, and gives its general system scope and the China Communications Standards Association's standardization coordination role.
The official ODCC article explicitly identifies T/CCSA 269 as an association standard for liquid-cooled data center server systems published on the basis of an ODCC project.
Specifies technical requirements and test methods for immersion liquid-cooled data center servers and their supporting operating conditions. It supports technical checks during immersion system design, construction, deployment, operation and maintenance.
Reading note
Verification of immersion cooling should cover both servers and their supporting operating conditions.
Published
2019-12-23
Effective
2019-12-23
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Technical requirements and test methods for immersion liquid cooling server system of data center
Full text requires authorized access · The official record provides a licensed access link. Only metadata and a summary are included here; this site does not mirror the full standard.
The specific record marks the standard as current, with both issue and effective dates of 2019-12-23, and describes immersion-cooled servers, supporting operating conditions, and applicability to design, construction, deployment, operation and maintenance.
Specifies technical requirements and test methods for fluorocarbon coolants used in data center immersion liquid cooling. It supports development, production, selection, use and quality verification of this coolant category.
Reading note
Select coolant specifications for the actual fluid category; fluorocarbon requirements should not be applied indiscriminately to all fluids.
Published
2023-12-11
Effective
2024-01-01
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Technical requirements and testing specifications for fluorocarbon coolant in data center immersion liquid cooling systems
Full text requires authorized access · The National Library of Standards provides an official record and a licensed purchase link. This entry covers the edition formally issued in 2023, distinguished from the 2022 project initiation announcement.
The specific record marks the standard as current, issued on 2023-12-11 and effective from 2024-01-01; its scope is limited to development, production and use of fluorocarbon coolants for immersion liquid cooling.
Specifies mechanical, sealing, environmental resistance, flow and service-life performance requirements and test methods for blind-mate quick connectors used in data center liquid cooling. It covers applications with water, aqueous ethylene glycol, fluorinated fluids and mineral oils.
Reading note
Check sealing, interchangeability and durability tests against the actual working fluid when accepting quick connectors.
Published
2026-06-02
Effective
2026-06-02
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Data center liquid cooling blind mating quick connectors - Part 2: Performance requirements and test methods
Official record · Provides the official record. The platform posting date is 2026-06-05; both the formal issue date and the effective date are 2026-06-02.
The platform marks the standard as current, with both formal issue and effective dates of 2026-06-02; it was posted on the platform on 2026-06-05, and its scope lists performance requirements, fluids and applicable conditions.
Establishes terminology, reference models and general principles for data center facilities. It organizes classifications by availability, security and support for energy efficiency, linking them to life-cycle risk and operational management.
Reading note
Use it as the starting point for facility design, classification and selection of standards across disciplines.
Published
2021-10-05
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 1: General concepts
Full text requires authorized access · The official abstract and preview are available; the full standard requires an authorized purchase through ISO/IEC. This site provides a Chinese reading-guide translation of the title.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) / International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), international standards bodies
Power supply & distributionDesign & constructionTesting & measurement
Specifies requirements and recommendations for data center power supplies and internal distribution, including supply and distribution systems, equipotential bonding, lightning protection, and electricity consumption and power quality metering. It also relates these requirements to availability classifications.
Reading note
Review power distribution selection and metering together; redundancy equipment counts alone do not establish the classification.
Published
2021-10-05
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 3: Power distribution
Full text requires authorized access · The official record provides the abstract and edition information; the full standard requires an authorized purchase.
The first edition is published, with a lifecycle publication date of 2021-10-05; it covers supply, distribution, bonding, lightning protection and electricity metering, but excludes safety and electromagnetic compatibility regulations.
Specifies controls for temperature, fluid movement, relative humidity, particulates and vibration, together with physical security for environmental control systems. Requirements follow the data center classifications for availability, security and support for energy efficiency.
Reading note
Check airflow or liquid-flow arrangements, humidity, contamination control and system availability together in cooling design.
Published
2021-10-29
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 4: Environmental control
Full text requires authorized access · The official abstract and preview link are public; the full standard requires an authorized purchase.
The first edition was published in 2021-10, with a lifecycle publication date of 2021-10-29; it covers temperature control, fluid movement, humidity, particulates, vibration and physical security.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) / International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), international standards bodies
Operations & acceptanceEnergy efficiency & carbonDesign & construction
Specifies data center management and operational processes, emphasizing resilience, availability, risk mitigation, capacity planning, security and energy efficiency. It links management processes to current and future user requirements.
Reading note
Cite the 2018 Technical Specification for now; the subsequent DIS draft is not a published replacement.
Published
2018-05
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Information technology — Data centre facilities and infrastructures — Part 7: Management and operational information
Full text requires authorized access · The full Technical Specification requires an authorized purchase; the official publication date is given only to month precision, 2018-05. To be revised does not mean superseded, and the TS designation must be retained.
The official record labels it a published Technical Specification at stage 90.92, to be revised; it explicitly states that this edition remains valid while the subsequent ISO/IEC DIS 22237-7 is under development.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) / International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), international standards bodies
Energy efficiency & carbonTesting & measurementOperations & acceptance
Defines PUE and specifies measurement categories, calculation, reporting and interpretation. The second edition updates boundary treatment for mixed-use buildings, unmetered energy and on-site generation, together with related measurement requirements.
Reading note
Use the 2026 second edition when citing the international PUE methodology and state the measurement boundary and reporting period.
Published
2026-01-16
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Information technology — Data centres key performance indicators — Part 2: Power usage effectiveness (PUE)
Full text requires authorized access · The official abstract and preview are available; the full text requires an authorized purchase. The 2016 edition is no longer presented as current.
The second edition is published, with a lifecycle publication date of 2026-01-16; both the 2016 edition and its 2018 amendment are listed as withdrawn.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) / International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), international standards bodies
Energy efficiency & carbonTesting & measurementOperations & acceptance
Defines the renewable energy factor for data centers and specifies its calculation, presentation and correct interpretation. Consult the published Amendment 1:2018 alongside the base standard for the complete methodology.
Reading note
Report REF, which describes renewable energy use, separately from energy efficiency metrics such as PUE.
Published
2016-04-19
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Information technology — Data centres — Key performance indicators — Part 3: Renewable energy factor (REF)
Full text requires authorized access · Both the full base standard and its amendment require authorized access. ISO states that amendment content is not automatically incorporated into the original standard text.
The first edition is published and explicitly remains current; it is at stage 90.20, systematic review, in 2026, and the record also lists one amendment from 2018.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) / International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), international standards bodies
Energy efficiency & carbonCooling & thermal managementTesting & measurement
Uses the energy reuse factor to quantify reuse of energy consumed by a data center. It defines the ratio of reused energy to total data center energy consumption for performance accounting, including waste heat utilization.
Reading note
Record exported waste heat separately within the ERF accounting boundary, stating its end use and measurement period.
Published
2021-08-11
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Information technology — Data centres key performance indicators — Part 6: Energy Reuse Factor (ERF)
Full text requires authorized access · The official abstract is public; the full text requires an authorized purchase. The current published edition is under revision, and the AWI project is not a published new edition.
The first edition is published, with a lifecycle publication date of 2021-08-11; it entered stage 90.92, to be revised, on 2026-05-22, while the subsequent AWI remains under development.
Uses the cooling efficiency ratio to quantify the energy efficiency of systems controlling the temperature of data center spaces. It specifies measurement, calculation, reporting and interpretation, and explains relationships with other metrics and influencing parameters.
Reading note
CER complements PUE when assessing cooling, but excludes systems such as non-electrically driven absorption cooling.
Published
2023-03-10
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Information technology — Data centres key performance indicators — Part 7: Cooling efficiency ratio (CER)
Full text requires authorized access · The official record provides the scope and preview; the full standard requires an authorized purchase.
The first edition is published, with a lifecycle publication date of 2023-03-10; the abstract explicitly excludes non-electrically driven cooling systems.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) / International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), international standards bodies
Energy efficiency & carbonTesting & measurementOperations & acceptance
Uses carbon usage effectiveness to quantify carbon dioxide emissions intensity during the use phase of a data center's life cycle. It specifies measurement categories, calculation and reporting, and relates the metric to infrastructure and IT operation.
Reading note
CUE addresses operational emissions and does not replace whole-life carbon accounting for construction and equipment manufacturing.
Published
2022-03-24
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Information technology — Data centres key performance indicators — Part 8: Carbon usage effectiveness (CUE)
Full text requires authorized access · The official abstract and edition information are public; the full standard requires an authorized purchase.
The first edition is published, with a lifecycle publication date of 2022-03-24; its scope explicitly addresses CO2 emissions intensity during the data center use phase.
International Organization for Standardization (ISO) / International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), international standards bodies
Water resourcesTesting & measurementOperations & acceptance
Defines water usage effectiveness during the data center use phase. It specifies measurement categories, calculation, reporting and interpretation of water-use intensity, and relates the metric to facilities, IT equipment and operation.
Reading note
Before comparing WUE, state the water-consumption boundary, measurement category and reporting period, and distinguish water withdrawal from water consumption.
Published
2022-03-24
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Information technology — Data centres key performance indicators — Part 9: Water usage effectiveness (WUE)
Full text requires authorized access · The official abstract is available; the full text requires an authorized purchase. The subsequent CD draft is not treated as a current new edition.
The first edition is published, with a lifecycle publication date of 2022-03-24; it is currently at stage 90.92, to be revised, while the subsequent ISO/IEC CD 30134-9 remains under development.
Covers infrastructure for data centers of different sizes and types, including telecommunications, buildings, electrical supply and distribution, cooling, fire protection, physical security and monitoring. It updates requirements for space, load-bearing capacity, cabinets and related provisions.
Reading note
As TIA-942-C is a United States standard, check its Rated classifications and discipline-specific design requirements against the project's adopted scope.
Published
2024-05
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Telecommunications Infrastructure Standard for Data Centers
Full text requires authorized access · Obtain the full standard through TIA's official purchase link. The publication date is known to month precision; mandatory adoption for a project depends on local regulations, contracts or certification requirements.
The official directory identifies revision C as current; it covers data center infrastructure, with revisions affecting telecommunications, power, cooling, buildings, fire protection and security.
Confirms publication in 2024-05; use of the rating system itself is not mandatory, but the corresponding rating tables are normative when the system is adopted.
This addendum under development is intended to address infrastructure for AI and high-performance computing, including high-density, high-speed cabling, power and cooling. Its scope includes investigation of emerging power and heat-removal approaches such as liquid cooling.
Reading note
The addendum is only an initiated project, with TIA targeting publication in mid-2027, and cannot yet serve as a published acceptance criterion.
Published
Official date to be confirmed
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Addendum 1: Artificial Intelligence to ANSI/TIA-942-C
Official record · Provides the official project initiation and expected schedule; no published final addendum text is available. The designation follows the official project wording, without inventing a final year or standard number.
The announcement dated 2026-03-24 explicitly states that a project to develop the addendum has been initiated and that publication is targeted for mid-2027; launch wording in the headline does not establish formal publication.
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE); approved by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
Energy efficiency & carbonPower supply & distributionCooling & thermal managementDesign & construction
Specifies minimum energy efficiency requirements for new data centers, extensions and alterations to existing data center systems, addressing design, construction, and planned operation and maintenance. It also considers related environmental factors, including energy, water use and greenhouse gases.
Reading note
The 2025 edition supersedes the 2022 edition; check applicability, the latest addenda and errata, and local adoption before use.
Published
Official date to be confirmed
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Energy Standard for Data Centers
Full text requires authorized access · An official read-only preview is available; authorized copies require purchase. The exact publication day has not been verified and is left blank. This is a United States standard, not an ISO international standard.
Provides guidance on thermal environmental limits for data center IT equipment and on facility operation. The TC 9.9 online encyclopedia continuously updates material from the earlier Thermal Guidelines and retains previous book editions for historical reference.
Reading note
Engineering citations should state the online access date and equipment category; page references to older books do not identify the current online content.
Published
Official date to be confirmed
Effective
No separate effective date listed
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Thermal Guidelines for Data Processing Environments — ASHRAE TC 9.9 Datacom Encyclopedia
Full text requires authorized access · The online encyclopedia requires a paid subscription. This entry covers a continuously updated guidance topic, not a newly numbered standard; the revised and expanded fifth-edition book is historical background. This site does not mirror the books, reference card or subscription content.
The official explanation states that the online encyclopedia has replaced the earlier books, includes updated Thermal Guidelines material, and preserves PDFs of previous book editions for historical reference.
Developed from 2024 onward, the online encyclopedia brings together frequently updated guidance on facilities, equipment, environments and cooling, available by annual subscription.
The reference card identifies the historical book as the revised and expanded fifth edition, with copyright years 2021 and 2024; the card is not the complete current online guidance.
Updates the earlier Liquid Cooling Guidelines online, covering TCS supply-liquid temperature S classes, differences between TCS and facility water-system quality requirements, cold-plate and immersion system design, and liquid cooling retrofits of existing air-cooled facilities.
Reading note
Consult the updated online material for liquid cooling design rather than relying solely on the 2013 second edition and its earlier temperature classifications.
Full text requires authorized access · Access the current updated material through an annual subscription to the TC 9.9 online encyclopedia; the 2013 second edition is a historical book. This entry is technical guidance, not an ISO standard or an ANSI-numbered standard.
The official explanation states that almost all of the earlier Liquid Cooling Guidelines content has been rewritten, adding TCS supply-liquid S classes, water-quality boundaries, cold-plate and immersion design, and air-cooled facility retrofit guidance.
The official errata identify 2013 as the second-edition book's publication year and 2014-09-11 as the errata update date, providing evidence for identifying the historical edition.
An open CDU reference specification for liquid-cooled facilities, including high-density AI deployments. It covers coolant distribution units and related facility interfaces, design requirements and verification methods, providing a common basis for product development across suppliers.
Reading note
Use it as an open reference for CDU engineering and procurement, while checking interfaces and verification requirements against project operating conditions.
Published
Official date to be confirmed
Effective
2026-02-26
Requirement status
Adoption depends on the project
Sources, edition & access＋
Project Deschutes: Data Center Facilities V.1.0.0
Official open full text · The official open PDF is directly available and is not mirrored here. Although its metadata title retains DRAFT, status is established by OCP's validated contributions database and official publication statement. It is an industry open technical specification, displayed in the guidance category.
The directory states that listed contributions have undergone comprehensive validation; it explicitly lists Project Deschutes V1.0.0, Google as contributor, the CDU category and publication year 2026.
The official PDF index shows a cover labeled Specification, version 1.0.0 and Effective Feb 26, 2026; the PDF is approximately 21 MB, and its body is not stored on this site.